Apoptosis

Assay Kits from Elabscience

Apoptosis is a complex and active death, involving the activation, expression and regulation of a series of genes. When apoptosis occurs, a series of apoptotic processes are programmed, such as phosphatidylserines valgus outside of the cell membrane, mitochondrial membrane ΔΨm changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation and so on. Abnormal apoptotic mechanism can cause cells to lose control, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases such as tumors. Accurate detection of apoptotic cells is essential in the apoptosis study.

Elabscience has successfully developed multiple apoptosis detection products, based on the most commonly used principles.

 

Elabscience Cell Apoptosis Assay Products

Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kits

Apoptosis occurs like a signaling cascade of multiple events, providing many opportunities to evaluate the process. During the early stage of apoptosis, the loss of cell membrane asymmetry will take place in which embedded phosphatidylserine (PS) residues in the plasma membrane become externalized. Annexin V is a Ca2+ dependent phospholipid-binding protein that has a high affinity for PS. Flow assays based on Annexin V conjugates accordingly become sensitive quantitative detection of early apoptosis.

Elabscience has developed Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kits with combining 15 fluorochrome and 3 nucleic acid dyes for multiple research requirements.

 

• Multiple Choices: 15 fluorochrome * 3 nucleic acid dyes
• High Accuracy: Ideal for early apoptosis detection, no fixation-related false positive
• Quick &Simple Operation: Only 15-20 min hand-on time
• Strict QC: Developed in house, traceable and reliable quality
• Professional Technical Support: Quick and professional assay suggestions

 

>> Browse Annexin V Assay Kits

 

TUNEL Assay Kits

The TUNEL series of apoptosis kits developed by Elabscience®, including the One-step TUNEL In Situ Apoptosis Kit, One-step TUNEL Flow Cytometry Apoptosis Kit, and TUNEL In Situ Apoptosis Kit (HRP-DAB Method), can be used for apoptosis detection of tissue samples (paraffin-embedded, frozen section) and cells samples (cell smears, cell crawling films, suspension cells, adherent cells).Our TUNEL assay kits have high sensitivity, quick and easy operation, which can better assist in apoptosis research on diseases related to cell function and R&D of related drugs.

Elabscience One-step TUNEL In Situ Apoptosis Kits are suitable for in situ apoptosis detection of tissue samples (paraffin-embedded, frozen section) and cell samples (cell smear, slide film), and the detection results can be directly observed by fluorescence microscope. Compared with the DAB colorimetric method, the experimental results of fluorescent TUNEL are fluorescent pictures, which are more intuitive and easy to be published in SCI articles.

 

• Multiple choices: A variety of fluorescent dyes (FITC/ Elab Fluor® 488/ Elab Fluor® 594/ Elab Fluor® 647/ Elab Fluor® 555) kits are available
• Easy to operate: One-step dyeing, saving time and effort
• Safe and non-toxic: No dimethyl arsenate, non-toxic to people and environment
• Cost-effective: The key components are self-developed with more stable quality, and more cost-effective price
• Wide range of applications: Suitable for a variety of tissue and cells samples

 

>> Browse TUNEL Assay Kits

 

Caspase Assay Kits

Caspase (cysteinyl-aspartic acid proteases) is a proteases family, activated caspase can destroy some important intracellular proteins and induce apoptosis. Caspase usually stains in the cytoplasm in the form of inactive zymogen. Many factors can activate the activity of Caspase. Once a certain Caspase enzyme is activated, a series of other Caspase enzymes will be activated too. Caspase is expressed in the early and late stages of apoptosis.

In the assay kits, the caspase sequence-specific polypeptidase is coupled to the yellow group pNA as a substrate. Once the caspase is activated during the process of cell apoptosis, the activated caspase will shear the substrate, and the yellow group would be free. The absorbance value of the yellow group could be determined by an enzyme scaler or a spectrophotometer (lambda=405 or 400 nm). Yellow group pNA has strong absorption near 405 nm.

Elabscience® Caspase Assay kit can be used for cell apoptosis with strong specificity, high sensitivity, simple and fast operation, and high quality. It can meet your various needs.

 

• Multiple Choices: Provide a variety of Caspase kits to meet different needs
• Simple Operation: Optimized composition of the reagent for time saving experimental operation
• Cost-effective: The key components are developed in-house with reliable quality
• Wide Applications: The enzyme activity in samples can be detected quantitatively; kits are suitable for a variety of cells

 

>> Browse Caspase Kits

 

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (with JC-1)

The decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential is a marker event in the early stage of apoptosis. It occurs before the appearance of nuclear apoptotic features (chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation). Once the mitochondrial membrane potential collapses, apoptosis is irreversible. JC-1 is an ideal fluorescent probe widely used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential ∆Ψm. In normal cells, the mitochondrial membrane potential is high, JC-1 aggregates in the mitochondrial matrix to form a polymer, which can produce red fluorescence. In the early stage of apoptosis, the mitochondrial membrane potential decreases, JC-1 can’t accumulate in the mitochondrial matrix. When JC-1 is a monomer, it can produce green fluorescence. The decrease of cell membrane potential can be detected by the transition of JC-1 from red fluorescence to green fluorescence, and the transition of JC-1 fluorescence color can be used as an early detection indicator of cell apoptosis. The relative ratio of red and green fluorescence is commonly used to measure the ratio of mitochondrial depolarization. The maximum excitation wavelength of JC-1 monomer is 514 nm and the maximum emission wavelength is 529 nm; the maximum excitation wavelength of JC-1 polymer is 585 nm and the maximum emission wavelength is 590 nm.

 

• Earliest event of apoptosis
• Only takes about 40 min
• JC-1 from red fluorescence to green fluorescence

 

 

>> JC-1 Assay Kit (Art. No. ELA-E-CK-A301)